ABSTRACT
Background:After the introduction of the Rome IV criteria for the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], studies on the clinical significance of the new criteria in the settings of a large study has been scarce
Objective: Herein we used the infrastructures provided by one the largest cohort studies in Iran to evaluate the epidemiological features related to IBS
Methods:A total of 9264 participants, were enrolled in the initial registry. Diagnosis of IBS was done using the Rome IV criteria. Individuals with IBS were compared with a control group. Since the study included a large sample size of patients, we used the penalized smoothly clipped absolute deviation [SCAD] regression analysis to construct a model for the evaluation of factors associated with IBS
Results:Overall, data of 9163 participants entered the final analysis. In total, 1067 [11.6%] individuals were diagnosed with IBS, among which 57 [5.3%] were diarrhea dominant [IBS-D], 380 [35.6%] were constipation dominant [IBS-C], and 630 [59%] did not mention having any of the two [IBS-U]. In the regression model, back pain/arthralgia [OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.65 - 2.40], insomnia [OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.40 - 1.93], depression [OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.38 - 1.95], female sex [OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.27 - 1.96], anxiety [OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.21 - 1.69], and being married [OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.48], were associated with higher rates of IBS. We found that IBS prevalence displays a peak at the age of 41 years for both men and women
Conclusion:The present study provides a background for follow-up studies to be conducted in order to evaluate causality between IBS and some major diseases such as liver disease. We also found that opium use, although not statistically significant, in addition to sex, education, back/joint pain, depression, insomnia, anxiety, and marital status might be a contributing factor in IBS
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [DM]
Subjects and Methods: We included 556 consecutive patients with confirmed type 2 DM attending the Diabetic Clinic of the Bushehr University of Medical Sciences and 733 nondiabetic subjects as controls. Serum levels of fasting blood sugar [FBS], alanine transaminase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], total cholesterol [TCH], and triglycerides [TG] were measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods, and the presence of anti-HCV antibodies was determined by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Semi-nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] followed by sequencing was performed on all anti-HCV-seropositive samples. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 17, and descriptive statistics, ÷2 test, Fisher exact test, and the Student t test were used for analysis
Results: The seroprevalence of HCV in the diabetic patients was 1.98% [11/556], which was higher than HCV prevalence among the nondiabetic controls [4/733, 0.54%] [p = 0.032]. No significant differences in ALT, AST, FBS, TG, and TCH levels were found between the HCV-seropositive and HCV-seronegative diabetic patients, although HCV-seropositive diabetic patients tended to have higher ALT, AST, and TCH levels, but lower TG and FBS levels than HCV-seronegative patients. In logistic regression analysis, only AST levels were significantly associated with HCV seropositivity among diabetic patients. The AST level of 4180 IU/L was the only significant predictive variable for HCV seropositivity in the diabetic patients [odds ratio, 4.89; 95% CI: 1.0622.49; p = 0.041]. Of the 11 HCV-seropositive diabetic patients, 10 [91%] had HCV viremia with genotype 3a
Conclusion: Patients with type 2 DM had a higher prevalence of HCV infection than controls, and HCV seropositivity was independent of biochemical parameters